喷施不同化学制剂对高温胁迫水稻干物质积累与碳氮代谢的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2019.02.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以陵两优268为研究对象，采用盆栽试验，在水稻拔节末期连续3 d对叶片分别喷施22.04 mmol/L磷酸二氢钾（KH2PO4）溶液和20.0 mmol/L的氯化钙（CaCl2）溶液，以喷施蒸馏水为对照，然后利用人工气候箱进行5 d高温处理（6∶00—18∶00，40℃±0.5℃/18∶00—次日6∶00，30℃±0.5℃，日平均气温为35℃），在高温处理5 d期间和高温处理结束5 d后分别测定水稻剑叶光合速率、叶片和茎秆的干物质量、含氮量和可溶性糖含量，成熟时测定产量，以探讨不同化学制剂对高温胁迫水稻干物质积累与碳氮代谢的影响。结果表明，在高温胁迫下和高温结束后的恢复过程，喷施2种化学制剂皆可提高水稻剑叶的光合速率和蒸腾速率，提高水稻叶片和茎秆的干物质量、含氮量和可溶性糖含量；喷施2种化学制剂均能提高水稻的穗粒数和结实率，每穗粒数分别比对照多21.00粒和18.66粒，结实率分别高10.83%和5.90%，穗粒重分别高0.44 g和0.36 g。喷施22.04 mmol/L KH2PO4溶液的处理提高水稻抗高温胁迫能力效果要好于喷施20.0 mmol/L CaCl2溶液的处理。

关键词: 水稻, 高温胁迫, 化学制剂, 干物质积累, 碳氮代谢

Abstract:

Rice variety of Lingliangyou 268 was used for pot experiment in this research. The rice leaves was sprayed with two concentrations chemical agents, which were 22.04 mmol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate（KH2PO4） solution and 20.00 mmol/L calcium chloride（CaCl2） solution respectively, at the late booting stage for 3 days, and spraying distilled water as the control. Heat stress was conducted in artificial climate chamber for 5 days after spraying. The daily average temperature of artificial climate chamber was regulated at 35℃ by setting 40℃±0.5℃ from 6∶00 to 18∶00, and 30℃±0.5℃ from 18∶00 to 6∶00 of the next day. The photosynthetic rate of flag leaf, dry matter accumulation，nitrogen content and soluble sugar content of leaves and stems were measured two times, which were 5th day during heat stress and 5th day after heat stress finished respectively; the yield was measured at maturity stage, to study the effects of the two chemical agents on dry matter accumulation and carbon-nitrogen metabolism of rice under heat stress condition. The results showed that the two chemical agents improved photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of flag leaf, increased dry matter accumulation, nitrogen content and soluble sugar content of leaves and stems. The two chemical agents increased the grains per panicle, seed setting rate and grain weight per panicle of rice. The grains per panicle was 21.00 and 18.66 higher than CK, the seed setting rate was 10.83% and 5.90% higher than CK, grain weight per panicle weight was 0.44 g and 0.36 g higher than CK, respectively. The ability to resist heat stress for rice after spraying 22.04 mmol/L KH2PO4 were better than that of spraying 20.00 mmol/L CaCl2.

Key words: rice, heat stress, chemical agent, dry matter accumulation, carbon-nitrogen metabolism

中图分类号:

S311
S511.05

江晓东1,2,华梦飞1,费日超3,姜琳琳1,杨沈斌1,郭建茂1. 喷施不同化学制剂对高温胁迫水稻干物质积累与碳氮代谢的影响[J]. 中国稻米, DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2019.02.002 .

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